The reemployment assistance program is a federal-state partnership. Each state determines benefit qualification levels and amounts, benefit duration, disqualifications, and tax structure, within federal limits.

For example, federal guidelines require each state to:

• Base its tax structure on benefit experience
• Have a new employer tax rate of at least 1.0%
• Have a maximum tax rate of at least 5.4%
• Have a taxable wage base of at least $7,000

Each state sets tax rates, benefit levels, and trust fund balances based on that state's needs. Each state has its own benefit trust fund account within the U.S. Treasury. In Florida, the account is funded by a tax paid by employers.

Florida assigns new employers an initial tax rate of 2.7%. This rate stays in effect for the first 10 quarters. At the end of this period, an employer has enough history to qualify for an experience-based tax rate. The formula for calculating the rate combines three major factors:

1. The individual benefit ratio makes up the greatest portion of the employer's final tax rate. This ratio is calculated by dividing the previous three years of benefit charges for former employees by the taxable payroll for that same three-year period. The benefits charged and the size of the payroll have a direct effect on the employer's tax rate.
• The timely reported taxable payroll uses up to $7,000 for each employee.
2. The variable adjustment factor (multiplier) is made up of three ratios that spread the costs among employers that have had benefit charges in the three previous years.
• The last three years of non-charged benefits (those not attributable to any employer).
• Excess payments (the portion of benefit charges which exceed the maximum rate of 5.4%).
• The fund size factor, which, depending on the amount in the trust fund, may affect the tax rate. If the amount in the trust fund is between 4% and 5% of the previous year’s taxable payroll, no adjustment factor is made to the tax rate. If the balance in the trust fund is below 4% of the previous year's taxable payroll, a positive adjustment factor is computed each year until the fund balance equals or exceeds 4% of the previous year’s taxable payroll. A positive adjustment factor will increase tax rates. If the balance in the trust fund is above 5% of the previous year’s taxable payroll, a negative adjustment factor is computed each year until the fund balance is less than 5% of the previous year’s taxable payroll. A negative adjustment factor will decrease tax rates.
3. The final adjustment factor spreads costs not included in the second factor to all employers whose rates are not at the initial or maximum rate. This factor is also distributed among employers who had no benefit charges in the preceding three years. This factor determines the minimum rate for the tax year.

Ideally, each employer would pay the exact amount of reemployment assistance benefits that are chargeable to his or her account. This is not possible because the maximum contribution rate is 5.4%, and sometimes benefit payments are not charged to a specific employer. These added costs are divided among all rated employers through the variable adjustment factor and the final adjustment factor. Each employer's contribution rate is his or her benefit cost, plus a share of unassigned costs. This keeps the reemployment assistance program solvent.

Reemployment Tax Rate Computation Effective 2021 Through 2025

Legislation passed in 2021 changed Florida's reemployment tax rate computation for rates effective 2021 through 2025.

The rate calculation for 2021 excluded all benefit charges from the second quarter of 2020 and prevented the application of the positive adjustment factor, which normally increases rates automatically if the Unemployment Compensation Trust Fund balance is below a certain amount.

Tax rates effective January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2023, excluded charges from the second, third and fourth quarters of 2020 and all benefit charges paid as a direct result of a government order to close or reduce capacity of a business due to COVID-19, as determined by the Florida Department of Economic Opportunity (now the Florida Department of Commerce). The tax rate calculation also excluded the application of the positive adjustment factor (trust fund trigger).

Tax rates effective January 1, 2024, will exclude charges from the third and fourth quarters of 2020 and all benefit charges paid as a direct result of a government order to close or reduce capacity of a business due to COVID-19, as determined by the Florida Department of Commerce. The tax rate calculation will also exclude the application of the positive adjustment factor. These changes to the tax rate calculation are repealed if the trust fund reaches $4,071,519,600 on June 30 of the previous year. Since the trust fund did not reach that amount on June 30, 2023, the tax rate changes for 2024 remain in effect.

The tax rates effective January 1, 2025, through December 31, 2025, have reverted to the pre-COVID calculation by including all benefit charges and reinstating the positive adjustment factor. The positive adjustment factor was not needed for the 2025 rate calculation because the Unemployment Compensation Trust Fund exceeded 4% of taxable wages for the previous fiscal year.

Employers can help reduce tax rates by providing complete and accurate information needed to determine a claimant's eligibility for benefits.

Improper payment of benefits is a serious problem that has a financial impact on employers. Here's how you can prevent improper payments and protect your tax rate:

• Report all new and rehired employees to the Florida New Hire Reporting Center by the due date, as required by federal law. Timely reporting helps prevent improper payment of benefits after an individual has returned to work.
• Respond promptly to any Request for Verification of Weekly Earnings. Verifying earnings ensures that the correct amount of reemployment assistance is paid for weeks of partial unemployment.
• Provide complete and accurate employee separation information. The employer's timely response to the Determination Notice of Reemployment Assistance Claim Filed (Form UCB-412) is used, in part, to determine the claimant's eligibility for reemployment assistance.

Employers who do not comply with state and federal requirements for providing employee information risk higher costs through increased taxes, fines, or penalties.

For questions about benefit eligibility and payment, contact the Florida Department of Commerce, Reemployment Assistance Program at 800-204-2418.

Employers can log in to their account to view their tax rate by following the View Reemployment Tax Rates in Five Easy Steps aid. Alternatively, employers can call 850-488-6800 at any time and follow the prompts to obtain their tax rate.

If an employer transfers all or part of its business to another employer and, at the time of the transfer, there is any common ownership, management or control of the two employers, the unemployment experience attributable to the transferred business must be transferred to the employer to whom the business is transferred. (Note that Florida law defines “business” to include the employer’s workforce/employees).

If the transfer was made with the intention of obtaining a lower reemployment tax rate (referred to as State Unemployment Tax Administration [SUTA] Dumping), a penalty rate of 2% of taxable wages shall be added to both employers’ rates for three years. In addition, an intentional violation of this provision makes it a felony of the third degree.

Payrolling is an agreement between employers where one employer agrees to report the payroll of another employer for reemployment tax purposes. Each employer maintains direction and control of their workers and the businesses do not change. The only change is that the payroll of one employer is reported to the Department by another employer for convenience.

Florida law requires each legal entity to report only its own employees, therefore, payrolling is not permitted. It is essential under Chapter 443, Florida Statutes, that each employer report only its own employees to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the employer’s reemployment tax rate.